The Relationship Between Politics and Globalization——LIZIKANG

 The Relationship Between Politics and Globalization

The relationship between politics and globalization is also mutually influential, involving power, governance, sovereignty, and international cooperation.

1. Globalization reshapes political power

As globalization expands, political authority becomes more diffuse and interconnected.

  • International organizations (UN, WTO, IMF, EU, ASEAN) gain more influence in shaping global rules.

  • States must coordinate across borders on issues like climate change, migration, and security.

  • Transnational actors (NGOs, MNCs, social movements) become political players beyond the state.

Globalization therefore reduces a government’s ability to act alone. 

2. Politics shapes how globalization works

Government decisions determine the pace and depth of globalization.

  • Policies such as trade agreements, visa rules, internet governance, and tariffs determine how “open” a country becomes.

  • Political ideologies influence globalization: liberal governments tend to open markets, while nationalist governments may restrict global flows.

  • Diplomatic relations can either promote or hinder cross-border cooperation.

Thus, political choices directly influence globalization’s direction.

3. Globalization challenges national sovereignty

Global interdependence creates pressure on domestic politics:

  • Governments must balance global rules with local preferences.

  • Controversial issues (refugees, trade competition, cultural influence) can trigger domestic political debates or populism.

  • Countries must often compromise sovereignty to participate in global institutions.

This creates tension between “global governance” and “national control.”

4. Politics influences who benefits from globalization

Similar to economics, globalization creates political winners and losers.

  • People benefiting from trade and mobility often support openness.

  • Groups harmed by global competition may turn toward protectionism.

  • These conflicts shift political landscapes, resulting in rising nationalism or anti-globalization movements.

Therefore, globalization reshapes political identities and voting behavior.

5. Globalization requires new forms of governance

Many global issues cannot be solved by one country alone:

  • Climate change

  • Cybersecurity

  • Global health (e.g., pandemics)

  • Cross-border crime and migration

This pushes the world toward multilevel governance, where local, national, and global actors must collaborate.


Politics and globalization are interdependent: globalization limits and transforms political power, while political decisions shape the speed, depth, and direction of globalization—creating new governance challenges, sovereignty tensions, and shifts in political identity.


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