What Is Globalization? - Kim nayoung

 What Is Globalization?

Globalization refers to the process in which the boundaries between individual countries become blurred, allowing people, money, goods, culture, and information to move freely across the world. It can be defined as a phenomenon in which the world becomes connected as one beyond separate nations. Today, globalization is accelerating more than ever, bringing many changes to our lives. In this post, I will describe these changes by dividing them into four aspects: economic, cultural, political, and technological.

Economic Globalization

Economic globalization refers to the rapid increase in trade and the movement of capital between countries. In the past, when a product was made, all stages of production were usually completed within one country. Today, however, raw materials are extracted in one country, parts are produced in another, and assembly and sales take place in yet another. Through this system, multinational corporations now use the entire world as both their production base and market. Overseas online shopping platforms have also become common, and consumers can now freely purchase global brands.

What I found especially interesting was the fact that so many countries are involved in creating just one product. I used to think of items simply as “made abroad,” but I now realize they are the result of cooperation among many different nations. This made me see that economic globalization is closely connected to my everyday life.

However, there are also concerns about this system. As factories move to other countries, some workers lose their jobs. Although economic globalization may increase overall wealth, it is still questionable whether its benefits are shared fairly among everyone.

Cultural Globalization

Cultural globalization refers to the spread of each country’s culture beyond its borders and its combination with other cultures around the world. With the global use of platforms such as YouTube, Netflix, and Disney Plus, we can now easily share music, movies, fashion, and lifestyles from different countries without actually traveling. K-pop has also gained worldwide popularity through globalization. While this process has encouraged cultural exchange, there are also opinions that it damages the unique cultures of each country.

What interested me the most was how K-pop spread not only because of the music itself, but also because of social media, fan communities, and online algorithms. I learned that technology plays a big role in the globalization of culture.

At the same time, I became worried that as similar content becomes popular worldwide, traditional cultures and languages may slowly weaken. Cultural diversity may increase, but cultural uniformity could also grow, which feels like an important issue to think about.

Political Globalization

Political globalization refers to the expansion of cooperation among countries. In the past, policies and systems were mainly created based on national interests. Today, however, there is a growing trend of solving common problems through international organizations. Problems that occur in one country are no longer seen as only that country’s issues, but as challenges that should be solved together. This trend promotes international cooperation and global unity, but there are also concerns that national sovereignty may weaken and the rights of smaller countries may be threatened.

What impressed me the most was the fact that problems like pandemics and climate change cannot be solved by one country alone anymore. This made me think that political globalization has become a necessity rather than a choice in the modern world.

Still, I also began to question whether political globalization is truly fair. Powerful countries tend to have more influence within international organizations, and this raises concerns that the voices of smaller nations may not be fully reflected.

Technological Globalization

Technological globalization refers to the phenomenon in which the entire world becomes connected in real time through the development of information and communication technology. In the past, sharing information between countries required complex processes and a great deal of time. Today, however, events happening in different parts of the world can be delivered within seconds through the internet. While this has greatly increased convenience, concerns about personal data protection and the digital gap are also growing.

What stood out to me was the fact that we can now experience global events at the same time as people in other countries. In the past, people learned about overseas news much later, but now we can check it instantly with just a smartphone. This really shows how much the world has changed.

On the negative side, technological development has also created new problems such as data leaks, fake news, and cybercrime. In addition, people who do not have sufficient access to digital technology may be excluded from the benefits of globalization, which I think is another serious concern.

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